Do you know what are birth rates, death rates, and population growth rates in Bangladesh? Let’s discuss all the facts in detail.
Birth and death rates measure the number of births and deaths per 1000 people in the population. The difference between the two rates results in population growth over time.
What has happened to the population growth rates in Bangladesh?
In the 1960s and 1970s, Bangladesh had a very high birth and death rates, but the birth rate was much higher than the death rate, resulting in high population growth rates.
In the 1980s, both the birth and death rates started decreasing but the decline in birth rates was much more significant. This resulted in a significant decline in the population growth rate in Bangladesh.
Why has the population growth rate fallen in Bangladesh?
The result was due to the gradual success of family planning measures, better education, and gradually improving living conditions. And reductions in poverty. The reduction of poverty is important in reducing birth rates because very poor people have large families.
For very poor people, it is not possible to provide for their children anyway, and there is little cost in having a very large family. On the contrary, many children can assist the family in making a meager living on the margins of society by contributing to income-earning activities.
As families become better off, they want to invest n the education of their children, and having very large families is no longer sensible. High birth rates can also reflect the lack of power on the part of women to plan their families.
An improvement n the education of women has often contributed to better family planning and in further investments in the education of children. The rapid decline in birth rates in Bangladesh during the 1980s has been due to all these reasons.
Trends compared to neighboring countries
| Country | Birth Rate Per 1000 Population |
Death rate Per 1000 Population |
Population Growth Rate | ||
| 1970 1993 | 1970 1993 | 1970-1980 | 1980-1990 | 1990-2002 | |
| Bangladesh | 48 35 | 21 11 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 1.7 |
| India | 39 29 | 16 10 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.8 |
| Pakistan | 48 40 | 19 9 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 2.5 |
Figure: Birth Rates, Death Rates, and Population Growth Rates for selected countries.
Bringing its population under control has been one of the major achievements of Bangladesh in the last twenty years. From the highest population growth rate amongst the big three South Asian counters during 1970-80, Bangladesh has achieved the lowest population growth rate in these countries during 1990-2003
But the population growth rate in all the South Asian countries was much higher than the 1 percent growth of the population achieved in China during 1990-2002.
References
- Ahmed, V., and Amjad, R. 1984. The Management of Pakistan’s Economy: 1947-82. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
- Alamgir, M., and Berlage, L. 1947. Bangladesh: National Income and Expenditure 1949/50- 1969/70. Research Monograph NO. 1. Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies: Dhaka.
- Amjad, R. 1982. Private Industrial Investment in Pakistan 1960-1970. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- BBS various years. (Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics) Statistical Yearbook of Bangladesh. Statistics Division Ministry of Planning, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh’s Dhaka.
- Khan, M. H. 1989. Clientelism, Corrupt in, and Capitalist Development. Ph.D. dissertation, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge.
- Khan, M. H. 1999. The political economy of industrial policy in Pakistan 1947-1971 No. 98. SOAS Department of Economics Working Paper: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.
- World Bank for various years. World Development Report. Oxford University Press: New York.
poverty reduction since independence.
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